Category: References

Deprecated Tags & Attributes

In this article we have created list of deprecated tags and attributes, few of these tags and attributes will still give you the result you want but it has been deprecated by the officials, rather than using mentioned tags and attributes we can use the mentioned alternatives.

Deprecated tags & attributes are those tags that are no longer valid to use and have been replaced by more modern, standard-compliant elements or CSS techniques. Eventhough most browsers support deprecated tags, it is not recommended to use them as they are likely to be removed in future versions.

A complete list of deprecated HTML tags and attributes is given here. All the tags have been ordered alphabetically along with their equivalent tag or alternate CSS option.

HTML Deprecated Tags

Following is the list of deprecated HTML tags and alternative options if available.

Tag	Description	Alternate
<applet>	Used to embed the Java applet.	<object>
<acronym>	Used for indicating an acronym.	<abbr>
<basefont>	Used to set the default text-color, font-size.	font
<bgsound>	Used to play soundtrack in the background.
<big>	Used to increase the font size.	font-size
<blink>	Used to enclose a text to make it blink.	CSS or JavaScript
<center>	Used to set the alignment of the text.	text-align
<dir>	Used to make a list of directory files/folders.
<embed>	Used for embedding external applications.	<object>
<font>	Used to change the color, size and style of a text. To know more about the font tag visit this page.	font-family & font-size
<frameset>	Used to specify the number of rows and columns in frameset wit their pixels.	<iframe>
<isindex>	Used for querying a document through a text field
<ilayer>	Used to create a layer that occupies space in the containing text flow.
<keygen>	Used to process Web forms with certificate management systems
<listing>	Uintended as a way to render HTML code on a page.	<pre>
<layer>	Used to position and animate (through scripting) elements in a page
<menu>	Used for creating a menu list.
<menuitem>	Used for defining a menu item for a menu.
<multicol>	Used to create multiple columns of text .
<nobr>	Used to instruct the browser not to break the specified text.	CSS
<noembed>	Used to handle browsers which do not support the <embed> tag.
<noframes>	Used to handle the browsers which do not support <frame> tag.
<plaintext>	Used to render all the text in the document.	<pre>
<param>	Used for passing parameters to an embedded object using <object> tag.
<s>	Used to indicate that the text is no longer accurate or correct.	text-decoration
<strike>	Used to strike a line through the text.	text-decoration
<spacer>	Used to specify a whitespace.	<pre> & <br>
<tt>	Used to specify teletype text.	<pre> & <kbd>
<u>	Used to create underlined text.	text-decoration
<xmp>	Used to render preformatted text.	<pre>
<frame>	Used to divide your browser window into multiple sections where each section can load a separate HTML document. To know more about the frame tag visit this page.	Use modern layout techniques.
<marquee>	Marquee is a scrolling piece of text displayed either horizontally across.	CSS

HTML Deprecated Attributes

Following is the list of deprecated HTML attributes and alternative options if available.

Attribute	Description	Alternate
align	Used to specify the alignment of the text-content.	text-align, float & vertical-align
alink	Used to specify the color of an active link.	active
background	Used to specify a background image of the entire web page body.	background-image
bgcolor	Used to set the background color of an HTML element.	background-color
border	Used to set the visible border width.	border-width
clear	Indicates how the browser should display the line after the <br /> element	clear
height	Used to specify the height of the element.	height
hspace	Used to specify the number of whitespaces on the left or right side of an object.	padding
language	Used to specify the language of the elements content.	type
nowrap	Used to indicate that the text inside the cell should not wrap.	white-space
start	Used to specify the start value for numbering the list items.	counter-reset
text	Used to define a color for the text in the document.	color
type	Used to specify the type of content associated with an element.	list-style-type
vlink	Used to specify the color of a visited link.	visited
vspace	Used to specify the number of whitespaces.	padding
width	Used to specify width of the image element.	width

HTML Deprecated Webpage

Following is the list of deprecated HTML webpage and alternative options if available.

page	Description	Alternate
Web SQL Database	Uces a set of APIs to manipulate client-side databases using SQL.

August 17, 2025

Character Encodings

Character encoding is a method of converting bytes into characters. To validate or display an HTML document properly, a program must choose a proper character encoding.

HTML Charset Attribute

The HTML charset attribute of meta tag is used to mention character encoding of webpage.

<meta charset="UTF-8">

The ASCII Character Set

The most common character set or character encoding in use on computers is ASCII (The American Standard Code for Information Interchange), and this is probably the most widely used character set for encoding text electronically. ASCII encoding consist of 128 characters(0-127).

English Alphabets (A-Z and a-z)
Numbers(0-9)
Special Characters (@, #, $, %, etc)

You can have a look at complete set of Printable ASCII Characters

The ANSI Character Set

ANSI character set is generally used in windows systems, it is also called as windows-1252. This includes

From 0 to 127 ANSI follows ASCII characters.
From 128 to 159 some extra special characters are added.
From 160 to 255 it’s identical to UTF-8.

The ISO-8859-1 Character Set

ISO-8859-1 was the default character set for HTML 4. This character set supported 256 different character codes.

Same as ASCII for the first 128 characters
Does not use the characters from 128 to 159
Same as ANSI and UTF-8 from 160 to 255

The UTF-8 Character Set

The HTML5 specifications recommends developers to use UTF-8 encodings in webpages, because UTF-8 covers all character and symbols in the world. The characters of UTF-8 are.

Identical to ASCII for 0 to 127 characters
Characters 128 to 159 are empty
Uses same characters as ANSI and 8859-1 from 160 to 255
Characters from other language are specified using 256 to 1000

The International Standards Organization created a range of character sets to deal with different national characters. For the documents in English and most other Western European languages, the widely supported encoding ISO-8859-1 is used.

ISO Character Sets

Here is the list of Character Set being used around the world along with their description.

Character Set	Description
ISO-8859-1	Latin alphabet part 1Covering North America,Western Europe, Latin America, theCaribbean, Canada, Africa
ISO-8859-2	Latin alphabet part 2Covering Eastern Europe
ISO-8859-3	Latin alphabet part 3Covering SE Europe, Esperanto, miscellaneous others
ISO-8859-4	Latin alphabet part 4Covering Scandinavia/Baltics (and others not in ISO-8859-1)
ISO-8859-5	Latin/Cyrillic alphabet part 5
ISO-8859-6	Latin/Arabic alphabet part 6
ISO-8859-7	Latin/Greek alphabet part 7
ISO-8859-8	Latin/Hebrew alphabet part 8
ISO-8859-9	Latin 5 alphabet part 9Same as ISO-8859-1 except Turkish characters replace Icelandic ones
ISO-8859-10	Latin 6 Latin 6 Lappish, Nordic, and Eskimo
ISO-8859-15	The same as ISO-8859-1 but with more characters added
ISO-2022-JP	Latin/Japanese alphabet part 1
ISO-2022-JP-2	Latin/Japanese alphabet part 2
ISO-2022-KR	Latin/Korean alphabet part 1

The Unicode Consortium was then set up to devise a way to show all characters of different languages, rather than have these different incompatible character codes for different languages.

Therefore, if you want to create documents that use characters from multiple character sets, you will be able to do so using the single Unicode character encodings.

Unicode therefore specifies encodings that can deal with a string in special ways so as to make enough space for the huge character set it encompasses. These are known as UTF8, UTF-16, and UTF-32.

UTF Character Sets

Character Set	Description
UTF-8	A Unicode Translation Format that comes in 8-bit units that is, it comes in bytes. A character in UTF8 can be from 1 to 4 bytes long, making UTF8 variable width.
UTF-16	A Unicode Translation Format that comes in 16-bit units that is, it comes in shorts. It can be 1 or 2 shorts long, making UTF16 variable width.
UTF-32	A Unicode Translation Format that comes in 32-bit units that is, it comes in longs. It is a fixed-width format and is always 1 “long” in length.

The first 256 characters of Unicode character sets correspond to the 256 characters of ISO-8859-1. By default, HTML 4 processors should support UTF-8, and XML processors are supposed to support UTF-8 and UTF-16; therefore all XHTML-compliant processors should also support UTF-16.

August 17, 2025

ISO language Codes

HTML ISO Language 639 is used as a standardized nomenclature to identify languages. Every language is assigned with two-letter and three-letter lowercase abbreviation. The ISO 639-1 also known as part 1 ISO, defines the two-letter codes for languages and ISO 639-3 ( Part 3 ISO ) defines the three-letter codes for all known natural languages.

ISO stands for International Organization for Standardization, which is a independent, non governmental organization for standardization.

Examples of ISO language codes

In HTML, language code is declared inside <html> tag as follows:

<html lang="en"><!--- other tags --></html>

In XHTML, language code is declared inside <html> tag as follows:

<html lang="en" xml:lang="en"><!--- other tags --></html>

The following is a draft list of language code correspondences between ISO codes, Microsoft codes, and Macintosh codes. Source of this information is Unicode Consortium.

Language Codes ISO 639, Microsoft

Following are the language codes that are listed below

Language	ISO Code	Windows Name	Win Code
Abkhazian	ab
Afar	aa
Afrikaans	af	LANG_AFRIKAANS	0x36
Albanian	sq	LANG_ALBANIAN	0x1c
Amharic	am	(no constant defined)	0x5e
Arabic	ar	LANG_ARABIC	0x01
Armenian	hy	LANG_ARMENIAN	0x2b
Assamese	as	LANG_ASSAMESE	0x4d
Aymara	ay
Azerbaijani	az	LANG_AZERI	0x2c
Bashkir	ba
Basque	eu	LANG_BASQUE	0x2d
Bengali (Bangla)	bn	LANG_BENGALI	0x45
Bhutani	dz
Bihari	bh
Bislama	bi
Breton	br
Bulgarian	bg	LANG_BULGARIAN	0x02
Burmese	my	(no constant defined)	0x55
Byelorussian (Belarusian)	be	LANG_BELARUSIAN	0x23
Cambodian	km	(no constant defined)	0x53
Catalan	ca	LANG_CATALAN	0x03
Cherokee		(no constant defined)	0x5c
Chewa
Chinese (Simplified)	zh	LANG_CHINESE (SUBLANG_CHINESE_SIMPLIFIED)	0x04 (0x0804)
Chinese (Traditional)	zh	LANG_CHINESE (SUBLANG_CHINESE_TRADITIONAL)	0x04 (0x0404)
Corsican	co
Croatian	hr	LANG_CROATIAN	0x1a
Czech	cs	LANG_CZECH	0x05
Danish	da	LANG_DANISH	0x06
Divehi		LANG_DIVEHI	0x65
Dutch	nl	LANG_DUTCH	0x13
Edo		(no constant defined)	0x66
English	en	LANG_ENGLISH	0x09
Esperanto	eo
Estonian	et	LANG_ESTONIAN	0x25
Faeroese	fo	LANG_FAEROESE	0x38
Farsi	fa	LANG_FARSI	0x29
Fiji	fj
Finnish	fi	LANG_FINNISH	0x0b
Flemish		LANG_DUTCH (SUBLANG_DUTCH_BELGIAN)	0x13 (0x0813)
French	fr	LANG_FRENCH	0x0c
Frisian	fy	(no constant defined)	0x62
Fulfulde		(no constant defined)	0x67
Galician	gl	LANG_GALICIAN	0x56
Gaelic (Scottish)	gd	(no constant defined)	0x3c (0x043c)
Gaelic (Manx)	gv
Georgian	ka	LANG_GEORGIAN	0x37
German	de	LANG_GERMAN	0x07
Greek	el	LANG_GREEK	0x08
Greenlandic	kl
Guarani	gn	(no constant defined)	0x74
Gujarati	gu	LANG_GUJARATI	0x47
Hausa	ha	(no constant defined)	0x68
Hawaiian		(no constant defined)	0x75
Hebrew	he, iw*	LANG_HEBREW	0x0d
Hindi	hi	LANG_HINDI	0x39
Hungarian	hu	LANG_HUNGARIAN	0x0e
Ibibio		(no constant defined)	0x69
Icelandic	is	LANG_ICELANDIC	0x0f
Igbo		(no constant defined)	0x70
Indonesian	id, in*	LANG_INDONESIAN	0x21
Interlingua	ia
Interlingue	ie
Inuktitut	iu	(no constant defined)	0x5d
Inupiak	ik
Irish	ga	(no constant defined)	0x3c (0x083c)
Italian	it	LANG_ITALIAN	0x10
Japanese	ja	LANG_JAPANESE	0x11
Javanese	jv
Kannada	kn	LANG_KANNADA	0x4b
Kanuri		(no constant defined)	0x71
Kashmiri	ks	LANG_KASHMIRI	0x60
Kazakh	kk	LANG_KAZAK	0x3f
Kinyarwanda (Ruanda)	rw
Kirghiz	ky	LANG_KYRGYZ	0x40
Kirundi (Rundi)	rn
Konkani		LANG_KONKANI	0x57
Korean	ko	LANG_KOREAN	0x12
Kurdish	ku
Laothian	lo	(no constant defined)	0x54
Latin	la	(no constant defined)	0x76
Latvian (Lettish)	lv	LANG_LATVIAN	0x26
Limburgish ( Limburger)	li
Lingala	ln
Lithuanian	lt	LANG_LITHUANIAN	0x27
Macedonian	mk	LANG_MACEDONIAN	0x2f
Malagasy	mg
Malay	ms	LANG_MALAY	0x3e
Malayalam	ml	LANG_MALAYALAM	0x4c
		LANG_MANIPURI	0x58
Maltese	mt	(no constant defined)	0x3a
Maori	mi
Marathi	mr	LANG_MARATHI	0x4e
Moldavian	mo
Mongolian	mn	LANG_MONGOLIAN	0x50
Nauru	na
Nepali	ne	LANG_NEPALI	0x61
Norwegian	no	LANG_NORWEGIAN	0x14
Occitan	oc
Oriya	or	LANG_ORIYA	0x48
Oromo (Afan, Galla)	om	(no constant defined)	0x72
Papiamentu		(no constant defined)	0x79
Pashto (Pushto)	ps	(no constant defined)	0x63
Polish	pl	LANG_POLISH	0x15
Portuguese	pt	LANG_PORTUGUESE	0x16
Punjabi	pa	LANG_PUNJABI	0x46
Quechua	qu
Rhaeto-Romance	rm	(no constant defined)	0x17
Romanian	ro	LANG_ROMANIAN	0x18
Russian	ru	LANG_RUSSIAN	0x19
Sami (Lappish)		(no constant defined)	0x3b
Samoan	sm
Sangro	sg
Sanskrit	sa	LANG_SANSKRIT	0x4f
Serbian	sr	LANG_SERBIAN (SUBLANG_SERBIAN_LATIN or SUBLANG_SERBIAN_CYRILLIC)	0x1a (0x081a or 0x0c1a)
Serbo-Croatian	sh
Sesotho	st
Setswana	tn
Shona	sn
Sindhi	sd	LANG_SINDHI	0x59
Sinhalese	si	(no constant defined)	0x5b
Siswati	ss
Slovak	sk	LANG_SLOVAK	0x1b
Slovenian	sl	LANG_SLOVENIAN	0x24
Somali	so	(no constant defined)	0x77
Spanish	es	LANG_SPANISH	0x0a
Sundanese	su
Swahili (Kiswahili)	sw	LANG_SWAHILI	0x41
Swedish	sv	LANG_SWEDISH	0x1d
Syriac		LANG_SYRIAC	0x5a
Tagalog	tl	(no constant defined)	0x64
Tajik	tg	(no constant defined)	0x28
Tamazight		(no constant defined)	0x5f
Tamil	ta	LANG_TAMIL	0x49
Tatar	tt	LANG_TATAR	0x44
Telugu	te	LANG_TELUGU	0x4a
Thai	th	LANG_THAI	0x1e
Tibetan	bo	(no constant defined)	0x51
Tigrinya	ti	(no constant defined)	0x73
Tonga	to
Tsonga	ts	(no constant defined)	0x31
Turkish	tr	LANG_TURKISH	0x1f
Turkmen	tk	(no constant defined)	0x42
Twi	tw
Uighur	ug
Ukrainian	uk	LANG_UKRAINIAN	0x22
Urdu	ur	LANG_URDU	0x20
Uzbek	uz	LANG_UZBEK	0x43
Venda		(no constant defined)	0x33
Vietnamese	vi	LANG_VIETNAMESE	0x2a
Volap?k	vo
Welsh	cy	(no constant defined)	0x52
Wolof	wo
Xhosa	xh	(no constant defined)	0x34
Yi		(no constant defined)	0x78
Yiddish	yi, ji*	(no constant defined)	0x3d
Yoruba	yo	(no constant defined)	0x6a
Zulu	zu	(no constant defined)	0x35

Language Codes ISO 639, Macintosh

Let’s look at the following language codes that are listed below

Language	ISO Code	Mac Name	Mac Code
Abkhazian	ab
Afar	aa
Afrikaans	af	langAfricaans	141
Albanian	sq	langAlbanian	36
Amharic	am	langAmharic	85
Arabic	ar	langArabic	12
Armenian	hy	langArmenian	51
Assamese	as	langAssamese	68
Aymara	ay	langAymara	134
Azerbaijani	az	langAzerbaijani(Cyrllic), langAzerbaijanAr(Arabic)	49(C), 50(A)
Bashkir	ba
Basque	eu	langBasque	129
Bengali (Bangla)	bn	langBengali	67
Bhutani	dz	langDzongkha	137
Bihari	bh
Bislama	bi
Breton	br	langBreton	142
Bulgarian	bg	langBulgarian	44
Burmese	my	langBurmese	77
Byelorussian (Belarusian)	be	langByelorussian	46
Cambodian	km	langKhmer	78
Catalan	ca	langCatalan	130
Cherokee
Chewa		langChewa	92
Chinese (Simplified)	zh	langSimpChinese	33
Chinese (Traditional)	zh	langTradChinese	19
Corsican	co
Croatian	hr	langCroatian	18
Czech	cs	langCzech	38
Danish	da	langDanish	7
Divehi
Dutch	nl	langDutch	4
Edo
English	en	langEnglish	0
Esperanto	eo	langEsperanto	94
Estonian	et	langEstonian	27
Faeroese	fo	langFaeroese	30
Farsi	fa	langFarsi, langPersian	31
Fiji	fj
Finnish	fi	langFinnish	13
Flemish		langFlemish	34
French	fr	langFrench	1
Frisian	fy
Fulfulde
Galician	gl	langGalician	140
Gaelic (Scottish)	gd	langScottishGaelic	144
Gaelic (Manx)	gv	langManxGaelic	145
Georgian	ka	langGeorgian	52
German	de	langGerman	2
Greek	el	langGreek (monotonic), langGreekPoly (polytonic)	14(m), 148(p)
Greenlandic	kl
Guarani	gn	langGuarani	133
Gujarati	gu	langGujarati	69
Hausa	ha
Hawaiian
Hebrew	he, iw*	langHebrew	10
Hindi	hi	langHindi	21
Hungarian	hu	langHungarian	26
Ibibio
Icelandic	is	langIcelandic	15
Igbo
Indonesian	id, in*	langIndonesian	81
Interlingua	ia
Interlingue	ie
Inuktitut	iu	langInuktitut	143
Inupiak	ik
Irish	ga	langIrishGaelic (normal), langIrishGaelicScr (dots above)	35, 146
Italian	it	langItalian	3
Japanese	ja	langJapanese	11
Javanese	jv	langJavaneseRom	138
Kannada	kn	langKannada	73
Kanuri
Kashmiri	ks	langKashmiri	61
Kazakh	kk	langKazakh	48
Kinyarwanda (Ruanda)	rw	langKiryarwanda (langRuanda)	90
Kirghiz	ky	langKirghiz	54
Kirundi (Rundi)	rn	langRundi	91
Konkani
Korean	ko	langKorean	23
Kurdish	ku	langKurdish	60
Laothian	lo	langLao	79
Latin	la	langLatin	131
Latvian (Lettish)	lv	langLatvian	28
Limburgish (Limburger)	li
Lingala	ln
Lithuanian	lt	langLithuanian	24
Macedonian	mk	langMacedonian	43
Malagasy	mg	langMalagasy	93
Malay	ms	langMalayRoman(Latin), langMalayArabic(Arabic)	83(L), 84(A)
Malayalam	ml	langMalayalam	72
		LANG_MANIPURI	0x58
Maltese	mt	langMaltese	16
Maori	mi
Marathi	mr	langMarathi	66
Moldavian	mo	langMoldavian	53
Mongolian	mn	langMongolian(Mongolian), langMongolianCyr(Cyrillic)	57(M), 58(C)
Nauru	na
Nepali	ne	langNepali	64
Norwegian	no	langNorwegian	9
Occitan	oc
Oriya	or	langOriya	71
Oromo (Afan, Galla)	om	langOromo (langGalla)	87
Papiamentu
Pashto (Pushto)	ps	langPashto	59
Polish	pl	langPolish	25
Portuguese	pt	langPortuguese	8
Punjabi	pa	langPunjabi	70
Quechua	qu	langQuechua	132
Rhaeto-Romance	rm
Romanian	ro	langRomanian	37
Russian	ru	langRussian	32
Sami (Lappish)		langSami (langLappish)	29
Samoan	sm
Sangro	sg
Sanskrit	sa	langSanskrit	65
Serbian	sr	langSerbian	42
Serbo-Croatian	sh
Sesotho	st
Setswana	tn
Shona	sn
Sindhi	sd	langSindhi	62
Sinhalese	si	langSinhalese	76
Siswati	ss
Slovak	sk	langSlovak	39
Slovenian	sl	langSlovenian	40
Somali	so	langSomali	88
Spanish	es	langSpanish	6
Sundanese	su	langSundaneseRom	139
Swahili (Kiswahili)	sw	langSwahili	89
Swedish	sv	langSwedish	5
Syriac
Tagalog	tl	langTagalog	82
Tajik	tg	langTajiki	55
Tamazight
Tamil	ta	langTamil	74
Tatar	tt	langTatar	135
Telugu	te	langTelugu	75
Thai	th	langThai	22
Tibetan	bo	langTibetan	63
Tigrinya	ti	langTigrinya	86
Tonga	to	langTongan	147
Tsonga	ts
Turkish	tr	langTurkish	17
Turkmen	tk	langTurkmen	56
Twi	tw
Uighur	ug	langUighur	136
Ukrainian	uk	langUkrainian	45
Urdu	ur	langUrdu	20
Uzbek	uz	langUzbek	47
Venda
Vietnamese	vi	langVietnamese	80
Volap?k	vo
Welsh	cy	langWelsh	128
Wolof	wo
Xhosa	xh
Yi
Yiddish	yi, ji*	langYiddish	41
Yoruba	yo
Zulu	zu

August 17, 2025

URL Encoding

URL encoding is the practice of translating unprintable characters or characters with special meaning within URLs to a representation that is unambiguous and universally accepted by web browsers and servers. These characters include −

ASCII control characters − Unprintable characters typically used for output control. Character ranges 00-1F hex (0-31 decimal) and 7F (127 decimal). A complete encoding table is given below.
Non-ASCII control characters − These are characters beyond the ASCII character set of 128 characters. This range is part of the ISO-Latin character set and includes the entire “top half” of the ISO-Latin set 80-FF hex (128-255 decimal). A complete encoding table is given below.
Reserved characters − These are special characters such as the dollar sign, ampersand, plus, common, forward slash, colon, semi-colon, equals sign, question mark, and “at” symbol. All of these can have different meanings inside a URL so need to be encoded. A complete encoding table is given below.
Unsafe characters − These are space, quotation marks, less than symbol, greater than symbol, pound character, percent character, Left Curly Brace, Right Curly Brace, Pipe, Backslash, Caret, Tilde, Left Square Bracket, Right Square Bracket, Grave Accent. These character present the possibility of being misunderstood within URLs for various reasons. These characters should also always be encoded. A complete encoding table is given below.

The encoding notation replaces the desired character with three characters: a percent sign and two hexadecimal digits that correspond to the position of the character in the ASCII character set.

Example

One of the most common special characters is a white space. You can’t type a space in a URL directly. A space position in the character set is 20 hexadecimals. So you can use %20 in place of a space when passing your request to the server.

http://www.example.com/new%20pricing.htm

This URL actually retrieves a document named “new pricing.htm” from the www.example.com

ASCII Control Characters Encoding

This includes the encoding for character ranges 00-1F hex (0-31 decimal) and 7F (127 decimal)

Decimal	Hex Value	Character	URL Encode
0	00		%00
1	01		%01
2	02		%02
3	03		%03
4	04		%04
5	05		%05
6	06		%06
7	07		%07
8	08	backspace	%08
9	09	tab	%09
10	0a	linefeed	%0a
11	0b		%0b
12	0c		%0c
13	0d	carriage return	%0d
14	0e		%0e
15	0f		%0f
16	10		%10
17	11		%11
18	12		%12
19	13		%13
20	14		%14
21	15		%15
22	16		%16
23	17		%17
24	18		%18
25	19		%19
26	1a		%1a
27	1b		%1b
28	1c		%1c
29	1d		%1d
30	1e		%1e
31	1f		%1f
127	7f		%7f

Non-ASCII control characters encoding

This includes the encoding for the entire “top half” of the ISO-Latin set 80-FF hex (128255 decimal.)

Decimal	Hex Value	Character	URL Encode
128	80		%80
129	81		%81
130	82		%82
131	83		%83
132	84		%84
133	85		%85
134	86		%86
135	87		%87
136	88		%88
137	89		%89
138	8a		%8a
139	8b		%8b
140	8c		%8c
141	8d		%8d
142	8e		%8e
143	8f		%8f
144	90		%90
145	91		%91
146	92		%92
147	93		%93
148	94		%94
149	95		%95
150	96		%96
151	97		%97
152	98		%98
153	99		%99
154	9a		%9a
155	9b		%9b
156	9c		%9c
157	9d		%9d
158	9e		%9e
159	9f		%9f
160	a0		%a0
161	a1	¡	%a1
162	a2	¢	%a2
163	a3	£	%a3
164	a4	¤	%a4
165	a5	¥	%a5
166	a6	¦	%a6
167	a7	§	%a7
168	a8	¨	%a8
169	a9	©	%a9
170	aa	ª	%aa
171	ab	«	%ab
172	ac	¬	%ac
173	ad		%ad
174	ae	®	%ae
175	af	¯	%af
176	b0	°	%b0
177	b1	±	%b1
178	b2	²	%b2
179	b3	³	%b3
180	b4	´	%b4
181	b5	µ	%b5
182	b6	¶	%b6
183	b7	·	%b7
184	b8	¸	%b8
185	b9	¹	%b9
186	ba	º	%ba
187	bb	»	%bb
188	bc	¼	%bc
189	bd	½	%bd
190	be	¾	%be
191	bf	¿	%bf
192	c0	À	%c0
193	c1	Á	%c1
194	c2	Â	%c2
195	c3	Ã	%c3
196	c4	Ä	%c4
197	c5	Å	%c5
198	c6	Æ	%v6
199	c7	Ç	%c7
200	c8	È	%c8
201	c9	É	%c9
202	ca	Ê	%ca
203	cb	Ë	%cb
204	cc	Ì	%cc
205	cd	Í	%cd
206	ce	Î	%ce
207	cf	Ï	%cf
208	d0	Ð	%d0
209	d1	Ñ	%d1
210	d2	Ò	%d2
211	d3	Ó	%d3
212	d4	Ô	%d4
213	d5	Õ	%d5
214	d6	Ö	%d6
215	d7	×	%d7
216	d8	Ø	%d8
217	d9	Ù	%d9
218	da	Ú	%da
219	db	Û	%db
220	dc	Ü	%dc
221	dd	Ý	%dd
222	de	Þ	%de
223	df	ß	%df
224	e0	à	%e0
225	e1	á	%e1
226	e2	â	%e2
227	e3	ã	%e3
228	e4	ä	%e4
229	e5	å	%e5
230	e6	æ	%e6
231	e7	ç	%e7
232	e8	è	%e8
233	e9	é	%e9
234	ea	ê	%ea
235	eb	ë	%eb
236	ec	ì	%ec
237	ed	í	%ed
238	ee	î	%ee
239	ef	ï	%ef
240	f0	ð	%f0
241	f1	ñ	%f1
242	f2	ò	%f2
243	f3	ó	%f3
244	f4	ô	%f4
245	f5	õ	%f5
246	f6	ö	%f6
247	f7	÷	%f7
248	f8	ø	%f8
249	f9	ù	%f9
250	fa	ú	%fa
251	fb	û	%fb
252	fc	ü	%fc
253	fd	ý	%fd
254	fe	þ	%fe
255	ff	ÿ	%ff

Reserved Characters Encoding

Following is the table to be used to encode reserved characters.

Decimal	Hex Value	Char	URL Encode
36	24	$	%24
38	26	&	%26
43	2b	+	%2b
44	2c	,	%2c
47	2f	/	%2f
58	3a	:	%3a
59	3b	;	%3b
61	3d	=	%3d
63	3f	?	%3f
64	40	@	%40

Unsafe Characters Encoding

Following is the table to be used to encode unsafe characters.

Decimal	Hex Value	Char	URL Encode
32	20	space	%20
34	22	“	%22
60	3c	<	%3c
62	3e	>	%3e
35	23	#	%23
37	25	%	%25
123	7b	{	%7b
125	7d	}	%7d
124	7c	\|	%7c
92	5c	\	%5c
94	5e	^	%5e
126	7e	~	%7e
91	5b	[	%5b
93	5d	]	%5d
96	60	`	%60

August 17, 2025

MIME Media Types
MIME (Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extension) media types were originally devised so that e-mails could include information other than plain text. MIME media types indicate the following things −
- How different parts of a message, such as text and attachments, are combined into the message.
- The way in which each part of the message is specified.
- The way different items are encoded for transmission so that even software that was designed to work only with ASCII text can process the message.
Now MIME types are not just for use with e-mail; they have been adopted by Web servers as a way to tell Web browsers what type of material was being sent to them so that they can cope with that kind of messages correctly.

MIME content types consist of two parts −
- A main type
- A sub-type
The main type is separated from the subtype by a forward slash character. For example, text/html for HTML.

This chapter is organized for the main types −
- text
- image
- multipart
- audio
- video
- message
- model
- application
For example, the text main type contains types of plain text files, such as −
- text/plain for plain text files
- text/html for HTML files
- text/rtf for text files using rich text formatting
MIME types are officially supposed to be assigned and listed by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA).

Many of the popular MIME types in this list (all those begin with “x-“) are not assigned by the IANA and do not have official status. You can see the list of official MIME types at http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/. Those preceded with .vnd are vendorspecific.

When specifying the MIME type of a content-type field you can also indicate the character set for the text being used. If you do not specify a character set, the default is US-ASCII. For example −
```
content-type:text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
```
August 17, 2025

Character Entities

HTML Entities

HTML entities are used to display special characters on the webpage that are reserved in HTML or have special meaning. HTML entities are also useful to display characters that are not available on the standard keyword.

An HTML entity starts with the ampersand sign (&) and ends with a semicolon (;).

Example

For example, the less than and greater than have special meaning in HTML, and they must be replaced with HTML entities to display them on the webpage.

To display less than (<), use the <
To display greater than (>), use the >

HTML Character Entities

HTML character entities represent special characters in HTML and begin with an ampersand (&) and end with a semicolon (;). These character entities allow you to display the characters on the webpages that cannot be displayed in the normal way as they have special meanings in HTML such as less than (<), greater than (>), Ampersand sing (&), and more.

The following table lists five special characters with their entities that every browser supports:

Symbol	Description	Entity Name	Number Code
“	Quotation mark	`"`	`"`
‘	Apostrophe	`'`	`'`
&	Ampersand	`&`	`&`
<	Less than	`<`	`<`
>	Greater than	`>`	`>`

HTML Non-breaking Space Entity

A non-breaking space does not break into a new line. HTML non-breaking space can be represented using   entity. It is useful when you want to display multiple spaces on the webpage because HTML trims the multiple spaces into a single space if you type it normally.

Note:

Two words that are separated by &nbsp will stick together even at the end of a line.
If you write 5 spaces in your text using the space bar, the browser will only add 1 space. To add real spaces to your text, you can use the &nbsp character entity.

Example of HTML Entities

The following example demonstrates how you can display special characters using HTML character entities:

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><title>HTML Character Entities Example</title></head><body><h1>HTML Character Entities Example</h1><p>Some common HTML character entities are:</p><ul><li>Quotation mark: <code>&quot;Hello World&quot;</code></li><li>Apostrophe: <code>&apos;This is Kelly's Laptop.&apos;</code></li><li>Ampersand: <code>&amp;This &amp; that.</code></li><li>Less-than sign: <code>&lt;</code></li><li>Greater-than sign: <code>&gt;</code></li></ul><p>Here all symbols (displaying directly):</p><p>Quotation mark: &quot;  |  Apostrophe: &apos;  |  Ampersand: &amp;  |  Less-than: &lt;  |  Greater-than: &gt;</p></body></html>

There is also a long list of special characters in HTML 4.0. In order for these to appear in your document, you can use either the numerical codes or the entity names. For example, to insert a copyright symbol, you can use either of the following:

&copy; 2007
or
&#169; 2007

ISO 8859-1 Symbol Entities

Following are the ISO 8859-1 symbol entities that are listed below:

Result	Description	Entity Name	Number Code
	non-breaking space
¡	inverted exclamation mark	¡	¡
¤	currency	¤	¤
¢	cent	¢	¢
£	pound	£	£
¥	yen	¥	¥
¦	broken vertical bar	¦	¦
§	section	§	§
¨	spacing diaeresis	¨	¨
©	copyright	©	©
ª	feminine ordinal indicator	ª	ª
«	angle quotation mark (left)	«	«
¬	negation	¬	¬
	soft hyphen
®	registered trademark	®	®
™	trademark	™	™
¯	spacing macron	¯	¯
°	degree	°	°
±	plus-or-minus	±	±
²	superscript 2	²	²
³	superscript 3	³	³
´	spacing acute	´	´
µ	micro	µ	µ
¶	paragraph	¶	¶
·	middle dot	·	·
¸	spacing cedilla	¸	¸
¹	superscript 1	¹	¹
º	masculine ordinal indicator	º	º
»	angle quotation mark (right)	»	»
¼	fraction 1/4	¼	¼
½	fraction 1/2	½	½
¾	fraction 3/4	¾	¾
¿	inverted question mark	¿	¿
×	multiplication	×	×
÷	division	÷	÷

ISO 8859-1 Character Entities

Following are the ISO 8859-1 character entities that are listed below:

Result	Description	Entity Name	Number Code
À	capital a, grave accent	À	À
Á	capital a, acute accent	Á	Á
Â	capital a, circumflex accent	Â	Â
Ã	capital a, tilde	Ã	Ã
Ä	capital a, umlaut mark	Ä	Ä
Å	capital a, ring	Å	Å
Æ	capital ae	Æ	Æ
Ç	capital c, cedilla	Ç	Ç
È	capital e, grave accent	È	È
É	capital e, acute accent	É	É
Ê	capital e, circumflex accent	Ê	Ê
Ë	capital e, umlaut mark	Ë	Ë
Ì	capital i, grave accent	Ì	Ì
Í	capital i, acute accent	Í	Í
Î	capital i, circumflex accent	Î	Î
Ï	capital i, umlaut mark	Ï	Ï
Ð	capital eth, Icelandic	Ð	Ð
Ñ	capital n, tilde	Ñ	Ñ
Ò	capital o, grave accent	Ò	Ò
Ó	capital o, acute accent	Ó	Ó
Ô	capital o, circumflex accent	Ô	Ô
Õ	capital o, tilde	Õ	Õ
Ö	capital o, umlaut mark	Ö	Ö
Ø	capital o, slash	Ø	Ø
Ù	capital u, grave accent	Ù	Ù
Ú	capital u, acute accent	Ú	Ú
Û	capital u, circumflex accent	Û	Û
Ü	capital u, umlaut mark	Ü	Ü
Ý	capital y, acute accent	Ý	Ý
Þ	capital THORN, Icelandic	Þ	Þ
ß	small sharp s, German	ß	ß
à	small a, grave accent	à	à
á	small a, acute accent	á	á
â	small a, circumflex accent	â	â
ã	small a, tilde	ã	ã
ä	small a, umlaut mark	ä	ä
å	small a, ring	å	å
æ	small ae	æ	æ
ç	small c, cedilla	ç	ç
è	small e, grave accent	è	è
é	small e, acute accent	é	é
ê	small e, circumflex accent	ê	ê
ë	small e, umlaut mark	ë	ë
ì	small i, grave accent	ì	ì
í	small i, acute accent	í	í
î	small i, circumflex accent	î	î
ï	small i, umlaut mark	ï	ï
ð	small eth, Icelandic	ð	ð
ñ	small n, tilde	ñ	ñ
ò	small o, grave accent	ò	ò
ó	small o, acute accent	ó	ó
ô	small o, circumflex accent	ô	ô
õ	small o, tilde	õ	õ
ö	small o, umlaut mark	ö	ö
ø	small o, slash	ø	ø
ù	small u, grave accent	ù	ù
ú	small u, acute accent	ú	ú
û	small u, circumflex accent	û	û
ü	small u, umlaut mark	ü	ü
ý	small y, acute accent	ý	ý
þ	small thorn, Icelandic	þ	þ
ÿ	small y, umlaut mark	ÿ	ÿ

Other Entities Supported by Browsers

Following are the other entities that are supported by browsers:

Result	Description	Entity Name	Number Code
Œ	capital ligature OE	&OElig;	Œ
œ	small ligature oe	&oelig;	œ
Š	capital S with caron	&Scaron;	Š
š	small S with caron	&scaron;	š
Ÿ	capital Y with diaeres	&Yuml;	Ÿ
ˆ	modifier letter circumflex accent	&circ;	ˆ
˜	small tilde	&tilde;	˜
	en space	&ensp;
	em space	&emsp;
	thin space
‌	zero width non-joiner	&zwnj;	‌
‍	zero width joiner	&zwj;	‍
‎	left-to-right mark	&lrm;	‎
‏	right-to-left mark	&rlm;	‏
–	en dash	–	–
—	em dash	—	—
‘	left single quotation mark	‘	‘
’	right single quotation mark	’	’
‚	single low-9 quotation mark	&sbquo;	‚
“	left double quotation mark	“	“
”	right double quotation mark	”	”
„	double low-9 quotation mark	&bdquo;	„
†	dagger	&dagger;	†
‡	double dagger	&Dagger;	‡
…	horizontal ellipsis	…	…
‰	per mille	&permil;	‰
‹	single left-pointing angle quotation	&lsaquo;	‹
›	single right-pointing angle quotation	&rsaquo;	›
€	euro	€	€

August 17, 2025

Color Names

HTML color names are the simplest way to define the color for the HTML elements, as they are predefined names for the colors, such as red, green, blue, etc. By using these HTML color names, you can apply colors without having knowledge of RGB and hexadecimal color codes.

Standard Color Names

The table below lists the 16 color names introduced in HTML 3.2, along with their hex codes and color samples:

Color Name	Hex Value	Color
aqua	`#00ffff`
black	`#000000`
blue	`#0000ff`
fuchsia	`#ff00ff`
green	`#008000`
gray	`#808080`
lime	`#00ff00`
maroon	`#800000`
navy	`#000080`
olive	`#808000`
purple	`#800080`
red	`#ff0000`
silver	`#c0c0c0`
teal	`#008080`
white	`#ffffff`
yellow	`#ffff00`

Extended Color Names

The following table lists colors, known as extended colors, that are not part of the HTML or XHTML specifications but are supported by most major browsers, along with their hex codes and color samples:

Color Name	Hex Value	Color
aliceblue	`#f0f8ff`
antiquewhite	`#faebd7`
aquamarine	`#7fffd4`
azure	`#f0ffff`
beige	`#f5f5dc`
bisque	`#ffe4c4`
blanchedalmond	`#ffebcd`
blueviolet	`#8a2be2`
brown	`#a52a2a`
burlywood	`#deb887`
cadetblue	`#5f9ea0`
chartreuse	`#7fff00`
chocolate	`#d2691e`
coral	`#ff7f50`
cornflowerblue	`#6495ed`
cornsilk	`#fff8dc`
crimson	`#dc143c`
cyan	`#00ffff`
darkblue	`#00008b`
darkcyan	`#008b8b`
darkgoldenrod	`#b8860b`
darkgray	`#a9a9a9`
darkgreen	`#006400`
darkkhaki	`#bdb76b`
darkmagenta	`#8b008b`
darkolivegreen	`#556b2f`
darkorange	`#ff8c00`
darkorchid	`#9932cc`
darkred	`#8b0000`
darksalmon	`#e9967a`
darkseagreen	`#8fbc8f`
darkslateblue	`#483d8b`
darkslategray	`#2f4f4f`
darkturquoise	`#00ced1`
darkviolet	`#9400d3`
deeppink	`#ff1493`
deepskyblue	`#00bfff`
dimgray	`#696969`
dodgerblue	`#1e90ff`
firebrick	`#b22222`
floralwhite	`#fffaf0`
forestgreen	`#228b22`
gainsboro	`#dcdcdc`
ghostwhite	`#f8f8ff`
gold	`#ffd700`
goldenrod	`#daa520`
gray	`#808080`
greenyellow	`#adff2f`
honeydew	`#f0fff0`
hotpink	`#ff69b4`
indianred	`#cd5c5c`
indigo	`#4b0082`
ivory	`#fffff0`
khaki	`#f0e68c`
lavender	`#e6e6fa`
lavenderblush	`#fff0f5`
lawngreen	`#7cfc00`
lemonchiffon	`#fffacd`
lightblue	`#add8e6`
lightcoral	`#f08080`
lightcyan	`#e0ffff`
lightgoldenrodyellow	`#fafad2`
lightgreen	`#90ee90`
lightgrey	`#d3d3d3`
lightpink	`#ffb6c1`
lightsalmon	`#ffa07a`
lightseagreen	`#20b2aa`
lightskyblue	`#87cefa`
lightslategray	`#778899`
lightsteelblue	`#b0c4de`
lightyellow	`#ffffe0`
limegreen	`#32cd32`
linen	`#faf0e6`
magenta	`#ff00ff`
mediumblue	`#0000cd`
mediumorchid	`#ba55d3`
mediumpurple	`#9370db`
midnightblue	`#191970`
mistyrose	`#ffe4e1`
moccasin	`#ffe4b5`
oldlace	`#fdf5e6`
orange	`#ffa500`
orchid	`#da70d6`
peachpuff	`#ffdab9`
peru	`#cd853f`
pink	`#ffc0cb`
plum	`#dda0dd`
purple	`#800080`
rosybrown	`#bc8f8f`
royalblue	`#4169e1`
salmon	`#fa8072`
sandybrown	`#f4a460`
seagreen	`#2e8b57`
sienna	`#a0522d`
skyblue	`#87ceeb`
slateblue	`#6a5acd`
steelblue	`#4682b4`
tan	`#d2b48c`
thistle	`#d8bfd8`
tomato	`#ff6347`
violet	`#ee82ee`
wheat	`#f5deb3`
whitesmoke	`#f5f5f5`
yellow	`#ffff00`
yellowgreen	`#9acd32`

August 17, 2025

ASCII Table Lookup

ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. There are 128 standard ASCII codes, each of which can be represented by a 7-digit binary number: 0000000 through 1111111.

Extended ASCII adds an additional 128 characters that vary between computers, programs and fonts.

7 Bit ASCII Codes

DEC	OCT	HEX	BIN	Symbol	HTML Code	Description
0	000	00	00000000	NUL		Null char
1	001	01	00000001	SOH		Start of Heading
2	002	02	00000010	STX		Start of Text
3	003	03	00000011	ETX		End of Text
4	004	04	00000100	EOT		End of Transmission
5	005	05	00000101	ENQ		Enquiry
6	006	06	00000110	ACK		Acknowledgment
7	007	07	00000111	BEL		Bell
8	010	08	00001000	BS		Back Space
9	011	09	00001001	HT		Horizontal Tab
10	012	0A	00001010	LF		Line Feed
11	013	0B	00001011	VT		Vertical Tab
12	014	0C	00001100	FF		Form Feed
13	015	0D	00001101	CR		Carriage Return
14	016	0E	00001110	SO		Shift Out / X-On
15	017	0F	00001111	SI		Shift In / X-Off
16	020	10	00010000	DLE		Data Line Escape
17	021	11	00010001	DC1		Device Control 1 (oft. XON)
18	022	12	00010010	DC2		Device Control 2
19	023	13	00010011	DC3		Device Control 3 (oft. XOFF)
20	024	14	00010100	DC4		Device Control 4
21	025	15	00010101	NAK		Negative Acknowledgement
22	026	16	00010110	SYN		Synchronous Idle
23	027	17	00010111	ETB		End of Transmit Block
24	030	18	00011000	CAN		Cancel
25	031	19	00011001	EM		End of Medium
26	032	1A	00011010	SUB		Substitute
27	033	1B	00011011	ESC		Escape
28	034	1C	00011100	FS		File Separator
29	035	1D	00011101	GS		Group Separator
30	036	1E	00011110	RS		Record Separator
31	037	1F	00011111	US		Unit Separator
32	040	20	00100000			Space
33	041	21	00100001	!	!	Exclamation mark
34	042	22	00100010	“	"	Double quotes
35	043	23	00100011	#	#	Number
36	044	24	00100100	$	$	Dollar
37	045	25	00100101	%	%	Procenttecken
38	046	26	00100110	&	&	Ampersand
39	047	27	00100111	‘	'	Single quote
40	050	28	00101000	(	(	Open parenthesis
41	051	29	00101001	)	)	Close parenthesis
42	052	2A	00101010	*	*	Asterisk
43	053	2B	00101011	+	+	Plus
44	054	2C	00101100	,	,	Comma
45	055	2D	00101101	–	-	Hyphen
46	056	2E	00101110	.	.	Period, dot or full stop
47	057	2F	00101111	/	/	Slash or divide
48	060	30	00110000	0	0	Zero
49	061	31	00110001	1	1	One
50	062	32	00110010	2	2	Two
51	063	33	00110011	3	3	Three
52	064	34	00110100	4	4	Four
53	065	35	00110101	5	5	Five
54	066	36	00110110	6	6	Six
55	067	37	00110111	7	7	Seven
56	070	38	00111000	8	8	Eight
57	071	39	00111001	9	9	Nine
58	072	3A	00111010	:	:	Colon
59	073	3B	00111011	;	;	Semicolon
60	074	3C	00111100	<	<	Less than
61	075	3D	00111101	=	=	Equals
62	076	3E	00111110	>	>	Greater than
63	077	3F	00111111	?	?	Question mark
64	100	40	01000000	@	@	At symbol
65	101	41	01000001	A	A	Uppercase A
66	102	42	01000010	B	B	Uppercase B
67	103	43	01000011	C	C	Uppercase C
68	104	44	01000100	D	D	Uppercase D
69	105	45	01000101	E	E	Uppercase E
70	106	46	01000110	F	F	Uppercase F
71	107	47	01000111	G	G	Uppercase G
72	110	48	01001000	H	H	Uppercase H
73	111	49	01001001	I	I	Uppercase I
74	112	4A	01001010	J	J	Uppercase J
75	113	4B	01001011	K	K	Uppercase K
76	114	4C	01001100	L	L	Uppercase L
77	115	4D	01001101	M	M	Uppercase M
78	116	4E	01001110	N	N	Uppercase N
79	117	4F	01001111	O	O	Uppercase O
80	120	50	01010000	P	P	Uppercase P
81	121	51	01010001	Q	Q	Uppercase Q
82	122	52	01010010	R	R	Uppercase R
83	123	53	01010011	S	S	Uppercase S
84	124	54	01010100	T	T	Uppercase T
85	125	55	01010101	U	U	Uppercase U
86	126	56	01010110	V	V	Uppercase V
87	127	57	01010111	W	W	Uppercase W
88	130	58	01011000	X	X	Uppercase X
89	131	59	01011001	Y	Y	Uppercase Y
90	132	5A	01011010	Z	Z	Uppercase Z
91	133	5B	01011011	[	[	Opening bracket
92	134	5C	01011100	\	\	Backslash
93	135	5D	01011101	]	]	Closing bracket
94	136	5E	01011110	^	^	Caret – circumflex
95	137	5F	01011111	_	_	Underscore
96	140	60	01100000	`	`	Grave accent
97	141	61	01100001	a	a	Lowercase a
98	142	62	01100010	b	b	Lowercase b
99	143	63	01100011	c	c	Lowercase c
100	144	64	01100100	d	d	Lowercase d
101	145	65	01100101	e	e	Lowercase e
102	146	66	01100110	f	f	Lowercase f
103	147	67	01100111	g	g	Lowercase g
104	150	68	01101000	h	h	Lowercase h
105	151	69	01101001	i	i	Lowercase i
106	152	6A	01101010	j	j	Lowercase j
107	153	6B	01101011	k	k	Lowercase k
108	154	6C	01101100	l	l	Lowercase l
109	155	6D	01101101	m	m	Lowercase m
110	156	6E	01101110	n	n	Lowercase n
111	157	6F	01101111	o	o	Lowercase o
112	160	70	01110000	p	p	Lowercase p
113	161	71	01110001	q	q	Lowercase q
114	162	72	01110010	r	r	Lowercase r
115	163	73	01110011	s	s	Lowercase s
116	164	74	01110100	t	t	Lowercase t
117	165	75	01110101	u	u	Lowercase u
118	166	76	01110110	v	v	Lowercase v
119	167	77	01110111	w	w	Lowercase w
120	170	78	01111000	x	x	Lowercase x
121	171	79	01111001	y	y	Lowercase y
122	172	7A	01111010	z	z	Lowercase z
123	173	7B	01111011	{	{	Opening brace
124	174	7C	01111100	\|	\|	Vertical bar
125	175	7D	01111101	}	}	Closing brace
126	176	7E	01111110	~	~	Equivalency sign (tilde)
127	177	7F	01111111			Delete

Extended ASCII Codes

Below is set of additional 128 Extended ASCII Codes according to ISO 8859-1, also called ISO Latin-1.

DEC	OCT	HEX	BIN	HTMLCode	Description
128	200	80	10000000		Euro sign
129	201	81	10000001
130	202	82	10000010		Single low-9 quotation mark
131	203	83	10000011		Latin small letter f with hook
132	204	84	10000100		Double low-9 quotation mark
133	205	85	10000101		Horizontal ellipsis
134	206	86	10000110		Dagger
135	207	87	10000111		Double dagger
136	210	88	10001000		Modifier letter circumflex accent
137	211	89	10001001		Per mille sign
138	212	8A	10001010		Latin capital letter S with caron
139	213	8B	10001011		Single left-pointing angle quotation
140	214	8C	10001100		Latin capital ligature OE
141	215	8D	10001101
142	216	8E	10001110		Latin capital letter Z with caron
143	217	8F	10001111
144	220	90	10010000
145	221	91	10010001		Left single quotation mark
146	222	92	10010010		Right single quotation mark
147	223	93	10010011		Left double quotation mark
148	224	94	10010100		Right double quotation mark
149	225	95	10010101		Bullet
150	226	96	10010110		En dash
151	227	97	10010111		Em dash
152	230	98	10011000		Small tilde
153	231	99	10011001		Trade mark sign
154	232	9A	10011010		Latin small letter S with caron
155	233	9B	10011011		Single right-pointing angle quotation mark
156	234	9C	10011100		Latin small ligature oe
157	235	9D	10011101
158	236	9E	10011110		Latin small letter z with caron
159	237	9F	10011111		Latin capital letter Y with diaeresis
160	240	A0	10100000		Non-breaking space
161	241	A1	10100001	¡	Inverted exclamation mark
162	242	A2	10100010	¢	Cent sign
163	243	A3	10100011	£	Pound sign
164	244	A4	10100100	¤	Currency sign
165	245	A5	10100101	¥	Yen sign
166	246	A6	10100110	¦	Pipe, Broken vertical bar
167	247	A7	10100111	§	Section sign
168	250	A8	10101000	¨	Spacing diaeresis – umlaut
169	251	A9	10101001	©	Copyright sign
170	252	AA	10101010	ª	Feminine ordinal indicator
171	253	AB	10101011	«	Left double angle quotes
172	254	AC	10101100	¬	Not sign
173	255	AD	10101101		Soft hyphen
174	256	AE	10101110	®	Registered trade mark sign
175	257	AF	10101111	¯	Spacing macron – overline
176	260	B0	10110000	°	Degree sign
177	261	B1	10110001	±	Plus-or-minus sign
178	262	B2	10110010	²	Superscript two – squared
179	263	B3	10110011	³	Superscript three – cubed
180	264	B4	10110100	´	Acute accent – spacing acute
181	265	B5	10110101	µ	Micro sign
182	266	B6	10110110	¶	Pilcrow sign – paragraph sign
183	267	B7	10110111	·	Middle dot – Georgian comma
184	270	B8	10111000	¸	Spacing cedilla
185	271	B9	10111001	¹	Superscript one
186	272	BA	10111010	º	Masculine ordinal indicator
187	273	BB	10111011	»	Right double angle quotes
188	274	BC	10111100	¼	Fraction one quarter
189	275	BD	10111101	½	Fraction one half
190	276	BE	10111110	¾	Fraction three quarters
191	277	BF	10111111	¿	Inverted question mark
192	300	C0	11000000	À	Latin capital letter A with grave
193	301	C1	11000001	Á	Latin capital letter A with acute
194	302	C2	11000010	Â	Latin capital letter A with circumflex
195	303	C3	11000011	Ã	Latin capital letter A with tilde
196	304	C4	11000100	Ä	Latin capital letter A with diaeresis
197	305	C5	11000101	Å	Latin capital letter A with ring above
198	306	C6	11000110	Æ	Latin capital letter AE
199	307	C7	11000111	Ç	Latin capital letter C with cedilla
200	310	C8	11001000	È	Latin capital letter E with grave
201	311	C9	11001001	É	Latin capital letter E with acute
202	312	CA	11001010	Ê	Latin capital letter E with circumflex
203	313	CB	11001011	Ë	Latin capital letter E with diaeresis
204	314	CC	11001100	Ì	Latin capital letter I with grave
205	315	CD	11001101	Í	Latin capital letter I with acute
206	316	CE	11001110	Î	Latin capital letter I with circumflex
207	317	CF	11001111	Ï	Latin capital letter I with diaeresis
208	320	D0	11010000	Ð	Latin capital letter ETH
209	321	D1	11010001	Ñ	Latin capital letter N with tilde
210	322	D2	11010010	Ò	Latin capital letter O with grave
211	323	D3	11010011	Ó	Latin capital letter O with acute
212	324	D4	11010100	Ô	Latin capital letter O with circumflex
213	325	D5	11010101	Õ	Latin capital letter O with tilde
214	326	D6	11010110	Ö	Latin capital letter O with diaeresis
215	327	D7	11010111	×	Multiplication sign
216	330	D8	11011000	Ø	Latin capital letter O with slash
217	331	D9	11011001	Ù	Latin capital letter U with grave
218	332	DA	11011010	Ú	Latin capital letter U with acute
219	333	DB	11011011	Û	Latin capital letter U with circumflex
220	334	DC	11011100	Ü	Latin capital letter U with diaeresis
221	335	DD	11011101	Ý	Latin capital letter Y with acute
222	336	DE	11011110	Þ	Latin capital letter THORN
223	337	DF	11011111	ß	Latin small letter sharp s – ess-zed
224	340	E0	11100000	à	Latin small letter a with grave
225	341	E1	11100001	á	Latin small letter a with acute
226	342	E2	11100010	â	Latin small letter a with circumflex
227	343	E3	11100011	ã	Latin small letter a with tilde
228	344	E4	11100100	ä	Latin small letter a with diaeresis
229	345	E5	11100101	å	Latin small letter a with ring above
230	346	E6	11100110	æ	Latin small letter ae
231	347	E7	11100111	ç	Latin small letter c with cedilla
232	350	E8	11101000	è	Latin small letter e with grave
233	351	E9	11101001	é	Latin small letter e with acute
234	352	EA	11101010	ê	Latin small letter e with circumflex
235	353	EB	11101011	ë	Latin small letter e with diaeresis
236	354	EC	11101100	ì	Latin small letter i with grave
237	355	ED	11101101	í	Latin small letter i with acute
238	356	EE	11101110	î	Latin small letter i with circumflex
239	357	EF	11101111	ï	Latin small letter i with diaeresis
240	360	F0	11110000	ð	Latin small letter eth
241	361	F1	11110001	ñ	Latin small letter n with tilde
242	362	F2	11110010	ò	Latin small letter o with grave
243	363	F3	11110011	ó	Latin small letter o with acute
244	364	F4	11110100	ô	Latin small letter o with circumflex
245	365	F5	11110101	õ	Latin small letter o with tilde
246	366	F6	11110110	ö	Latin small letter o with diaeresis
247	367	F7	11110111	÷	Division sign
248	370	F8	11111000	ø	Latin small letter o with slash
249	371	F9	11111001	ù	Latin small letter u with grave
250	372	FA	11111010	ú	Latin small letter u with acute
251	373	FB	11111011	û	Latin small letter u with circumflex
252	374	FC	11111100	ü	Latin small letter u with diaeresis
253	375	FD	11111101	ý	Latin small letter y with acute
254	376	FE	11111110	þ	Latin small letter thorn
255	377	FF	11111111	ÿ	Latin small letter y with diaeresis

August 17, 2025

ASCII Codes Reference

ASCII stands for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. There are 2⁷ = 128 printable characters which can be represented by different 7-BIT ASCII codes, each of which can be represented by a 7-digit binary number from 0000000 to 1111111.

Extended ASCII adds an additional 128 characters that vary between computers, programs and fonts.

HTML Codes – Table of ASCII characters and symbols

The below table can be used as reference for ASCII characters. There are types of ASCII characters as mentioned below.

Device Control Characters: The characters from 0 to 31 are ASCII device control characters.
Printable characters: The characters from 32 to 127 are actual printable characters.

ASCII Device Control Characters

Following are the 7-BIT ASCII device control characters that are listed below:

DEC	OCT	HEX	BIN	Symbol	Description
0	000	00	00000000	NUL	Null char
1	001	01	00000001	SOH	Start of Heading
2	002	02	00000010	STX	Start of Text
3	003	03	00000011	ETX	End of Text
4	004	04	00000100	EOT	End of Transmission
5	005	05	00000101	ENQ	Enquiry
6	006	06	00000110	ACK	Acknowledgment
7	007	07	00000111	BEL	Bell
8	010	08	00001000	BS	Back Space
9	011	09	00001001	HT	Horizontal Tab
10	012	0A	00001010	LF	Line Feed
11	013	0B	00001011	VT	Vertical Tab
12	014	0C	00001100	FF	Form Feed
13	015	0D	00001101	CR	Carriage Return
14	016	0E	00001110	SO	Shift Out / X-On
15	017	0F	00001111	SI	Shift In / X-Off
16	020	10	00010000	DLE	Data Line Escape
17	021	11	00010001	DC1	Device Control 1 (oft. XON)
18	022	12	00010010	DC2	Device Control 2
19	023	13	00010011	DC3	Device Control 3 (oft. XOFF)
20	024	14	00010100	DC4	Device Control 4
21	025	15	00010101	NAK	Negative Acknowledgement
22	026	16	00010110	SYN	Synchronous Idle
23	027	17	00010111	ETB	End of Transmit Block
24	030	18	00011000	CAN	Cancel
25	031	19	00011001	EM	End of Medium
26	032	1A	00011010	SUB	Substitute
27	033	1B	00011011	ESC	Escape
28	034	1C	00011100	FS	File Separator
29	035	1D	00011101	GS	Group Separator
30	036	1E	00011110	RS	Record Separator
31	037	1F	00011111	US	Unit Separator

Printable ASCII Characters

Following are the ASCII characters that are listed below:

DEC	OCT	HEX	BIN	Symbol	HTML Code	Description
32	040	20	00100000			Space
33	041	21	00100001	!	!	Exclamation mark
34	042	22	00100010	“	"	Double quotes
35	043	23	00100011	#	#	Number
36	044	24	00100100	$	$	Dollar
37	045	25	00100101	%	%	Procenttecken
38	046	26	00100110	&	&	Ampersand
39	047	27	00100111	‘	'	Single quote
40	050	28	00101000	(	(	Open parenthesis
41	051	29	00101001	)	)	Close parenthesis
42	052	2A	00101010	*	*	Asterisk
43	053	2B	00101011	+	+	Plus
44	054	2C	00101100	,	,	Comma
45	055	2D	00101101	–	-	Hyphen
46	056	2E	00101110	.	.	Period, dot or full stop
47	057	2F	00101111	/	/	Slash or divide
48	060	30	00110000	0	0	Zero
49	061	31	00110001	1	1	One
50	062	32	00110010	2	2	Two
51	063	33	00110011	3	3	Three
52	064	34	00110100	4	4	Four
53	065	35	00110101	5	5	Five
54	066	36	00110110	6	6	Six
55	067	37	00110111	7	7	Seven
56	070	38	00111000	8	8	Eight
57	071	39	00111001	9	9	Nine
58	072	3A	00111010	:	:	Colon
59	073	3B	00111011	;	;	Semicolon
60	074	3C	00111100	<	<	Less than
61	075	3D	00111101	=	=	Equals
62	076	3E	00111110	>	>	Greater than
63	077	3F	00111111	?	?	Question mark
64	100	40	01000000	@	@	At symbol
65	101	41	01000001	A	A	Uppercase A
66	102	42	01000010	B	B	Uppercase B
67	103	43	01000011	C	C	Uppercase C
68	104	44	01000100	D	D	Uppercase D
69	105	45	01000101	E	E	Uppercase E
70	106	46	01000110	F	F	Uppercase F
71	107	47	01000111	G	G	Uppercase G
72	110	48	01001000	H	H	Uppercase H
73	111	49	01001001	I	I	Uppercase I
74	112	4A	01001010	J	J	Uppercase J
75	113	4B	01001011	K	K	Uppercase K
76	114	4C	01001100	L	L	Uppercase L
77	115	4D	01001101	M	M	Uppercase M
78	116	4E	01001110	N	N	Uppercase N
79	117	4F	01001111	O	O	Uppercase O
80	120	50	01010000	P	P	Uppercase P
81	121	51	01010001	Q	Q	Uppercase Q
82	122	52	01010010	R	R	Uppercase R
83	123	53	01010011	S	S	Uppercase S
84	124	54	01010100	T	T	Uppercase T
85	125	55	01010101	U	U	Uppercase U
86	126	56	01010110	V	V	Uppercase V
87	127	57	01010111	W	W	Uppercase W
88	130	58	01011000	X	X	Uppercase X
89	131	59	01011001	Y	Y	Uppercase Y
90	132	5A	01011010	Z	Z	Uppercase Z
91	133	5B	01011011	[	[	Opening bracket
92	134	5C	01011100	\	\	Backslash
93	135	5D	01011101	]	]	Closing bracket
94	136	5E	01011110	^	^	Caret – circumflex
95	137	5F	01011111	_	_	Underscore
96	140	60	01100000	`	`	Grave accent
97	141	61	01100001	a	a	Lowercase a
98	142	62	01100010	b	b	Lowercase b
99	143	63	01100011	c	c	Lowercase c
100	144	64	01100100	d	d	Lowercase d
101	145	65	01100101	e	e	Lowercase e
102	146	66	01100110	f	f	Lowercase f
103	147	67	01100111	g	g	Lowercase g
104	150	68	01101000	h	h	Lowercase h
105	151	69	01101001	i	i	Lowercase i
106	152	6A	01101010	j	j	Lowercase j
107	153	6B	01101011	k	k	Lowercase k
108	154	6C	01101100	l	l	Lowercase l
109	155	6D	01101101	m	m	Lowercase m
110	156	6E	01101110	n	n	Lowercase n
111	157	6F	01101111	o	o	Lowercase o
112	160	70	01110000	p	p	Lowercase p
113	161	71	01110001	q	q	Lowercase q
114	162	72	01110010	r	r	Lowercase r
115	163	73	01110011	s	s	Lowercase s
116	164	74	01110100	t	t	Lowercase t
117	165	75	01110101	u	u	Lowercase u
118	166	76	01110110	v	v	Lowercase v
119	167	77	01110111	w	w	Lowercase w
120	170	78	01111000	x	x	Lowercase x
121	171	79	01111001	y	y	Lowercase y
122	172	7A	01111010	z	z	Lowercase z
123	173	7B	01111011	{	{	Opening brace
124	174	7C	01111100	\|	\|	Vertical bar
125	175	7D	01111101	}	}	Closing brace
126	176	7E	01111110	~	~	Equivalency sign (tilde)
127	177	7F	01111111			Delete

Extended ASCII Codes

Below is set of additional 128 Extended ASCII Codes according to ISO 8859-1, also called ISO Latin-1.

DEC	OCT	HEX	BIN	Symbol	HTMLCode	Description
128	200	80	10000000			Euro sign
129	201	81	10000001
130	202	82	10000010			Single low-9 quotation mark
131	203	83	10000011			Latin small letter f with hook
132	204	84	10000100			Double low-9 quotation mark
133	205	85	10000101			Horizontal ellipsis
134	206	86	10000110			Dagger
135	207	87	10000111			Double dagger
136	210	88	10001000			Modifier letter circumflex accent
137	211	89	10001001			Per mille sign
138	212	8A	10001010			Latin capital letter S with caron
139	213	8B	10001011			Single left-pointing angle quotation
140	214	8C	10001100			Latin capital ligature OE
141	215	8D	10001101
142	216	8E	10001110			Latin capital letter Z with caron
143	217	8F	10001111
144	220	90	10010000
145	221	91	10010001			Left single quotation mark
146	222	92	10010010			Right single quotation mark
147	223	93	10010011			Left double quotation mark
148	224	94	10010100			Right double quotation mark
149	225	95	10010101			Bullet
150	226	96	10010110			En dash
151	227	97	10010111			Em dash
152	230	98	10011000			Small tilde
153	231	99	10011001			Trade mark sign
154	232	9A	10011010			Latin small letter S with caron
155	233	9B	10011011			Single right-pointing angle quotation mark
156	234	9C	10011100			Latin small ligature oe
157	235	9D	10011101
158	236	9E	10011110			Latin small letter z with caron
159	237	9F	10011111			Latin capital letter Y with diaeresis
160	240	A0	10100000			Non-breaking space
161	241	A1	10100001	¡	¡	Inverted exclamation mark
162	242	A2	10100010	¢	¢	Cent sign
163	243	A3	10100011	£	£	Pound sign
164	244	A4	10100100	¤	¤	Currency sign
165	245	A5	10100101	¥	¥	Yen sign
166	246	A6	10100110	¦	¦	Pipe, Broken vertical bar
167	247	A7	10100111	§	§	Section sign
168	250	A8	10101000	¨	¨	Spacing diaeresis – umlaut
169	251	A9	10101001	©	©	Copyright sign
170	252	AA	10101010	ª	ª	Feminine ordinal indicator
171	253	AB	10101011	«	«	Left double angle quotes
172	254	AC	10101100	¬	¬	Not sign
173	255	AD	10101101			Soft hyphen
174	256	AE	10101110	®	®	Registered trade mark sign
175	257	AF	10101111	¯	¯	Spacing macron – overline
176	260	B0	10110000	°	°	Degree sign
177	261	B1	10110001	±	±	Plus-or-minus sign
178	262	B2	10110010	²	²	Superscript two – squared
179	263	B3	10110011	³	³	Superscript three – cubed
180	264	B4	10110100	´	´	Acute accent – spacing acute
181	265	B5	10110101	µ	µ	Micro sign
182	266	B6	10110110	¶	¶	Pilcrow sign – paragraph sign
183	267	B7	10110111	·	·	Middle dot – Georgian comma
184	270	B8	10111000	¸	¸	Spacing cedilla
185	271	B9	10111001	¹	¹	Superscript one
186	272	BA	10111010	º	º	Masculine ordinal indicator
187	273	BB	10111011	»	»	Right double angle quotes
188	274	BC	10111100	¼	¼	Fraction one quarter
189	275	BD	10111101	½	½	Fraction one half
190	276	BE	10111110	¾	¾	Fraction three quarters
191	277	BF	10111111	¿	¿	Inverted question mark
192	300	C0	11000000	À	À	Latin capital letter A with grave
193	301	C1	11000001	Á	Á	Latin capital letter A with acute
194	302	C2	11000010	Â	Â	Latin capital letter A with circumflex
195	303	C3	11000011	Ã	Ã	Latin capital letter A with tilde
196	304	C4	11000100	Ä	Ä	Latin capital letter A with diaeresis
197	305	C5	11000101	Å	Å	Latin capital letter A with ring above
198	306	C6	11000110	Æ	Æ	Latin capital letter AE
199	307	C7	11000111	Ç	Ç	Latin capital letter C with cedilla
200	310	C8	11001000	È	È	Latin capital letter E with grave
201	311	C9	11001001	É	É	Latin capital letter E with acute
202	312	CA	11001010	Ê	Ê	Latin capital letter E with circumflex
203	313	CB	11001011	Ë	Ë	Latin capital letter E with diaeresis
204	314	CC	11001100	Ì	Ì	Latin capital letter I with grave
205	315	CD	11001101	Í	Í	Latin capital letter I with acute
206	316	CE	11001110	Î	Î	Latin capital letter I with circumflex
207	317	CF	11001111	Ï	Ï	Latin capital letter I with diaeresis
208	320	D0	11010000	Ð	Ð	Latin capital letter ETH
209	321	D1	11010001	Ñ	Ñ	Latin capital letter N with tilde
210	322	D2	11010010	Ò	Ò	Latin capital letter O with grave
211	323	D3	11010011	Ó	Ó	Latin capital letter O with acute
212	324	D4	11010100	Ô	Ô	Latin capital letter O with circumflex
213	325	D5	11010101	Õ	Õ	Latin capital letter O with tilde
214	326	D6	11010110	Ö	Ö	Latin capital letter O with diaeresis
215	327	D7	11010111	×	×	Multiplication sign
216	330	D8	11011000	Ø	Ø	Latin capital letter O with slash
217	331	D9	11011001	Ù	Ù	Latin capital letter U with grave
218	332	DA	11011010	Ú	Ú	Latin capital letter U with acute
219	333	DB	11011011	Û	Û	Latin capital letter U with circumflex
220	334	DC	11011100	Ü	Ü	Latin capital letter U with diaeresis
221	335	DD	11011101	Ý	Ý	Latin capital letter Y with acute
222	336	DE	11011110	Þ	Þ	Latin capital letter THORN
223	337	DF	11011111	ß	ß	Latin small letter sharp s – ess-zed
224	340	E0	11100000	à	à	Latin small letter a with grave
225	341	E1	11100001	á	á	Latin small letter a with acute
226	342	E2	11100010	â	â	Latin small letter a with circumflex
227	343	E3	11100011	ã	ã	Latin small letter a with tilde
228	344	E4	11100100	ä	ä	Latin small letter a with diaeresis
229	345	E5	11100101	å	å	Latin small letter a with ring above
230	346	E6	11100110	æ	æ	Latin small letter ae
231	347	E7	11100111	ç	ç	Latin small letter c with cedilla
232	350	E8	11101000	è	è	Latin small letter e with grave
233	351	E9	11101001	é	é	Latin small letter e with acute
234	352	EA	11101010	ê	ê	Latin small letter e with circumflex
235	353	EB	11101011	ë	ë	Latin small letter e with diaeresis
236	354	EC	11101100	ì	ì	Latin small letter i with grave
237	355	ED	11101101	í	í	Latin small letter i with acute
238	356	EE	11101110	î	î	Latin small letter i with circumflex
239	357	EF	11101111	ï	ï	Latin small letter i with diaeresis
240	360	F0	11110000	ð	ð	Latin small letter eth
241	361	F1	11110001	ñ	ñ	Latin small letter n with tilde
242	362	F2	11110010	ò	ò	Latin small letter o with grave
243	363	F3	11110011	ó	ó	Latin small letter o with acute
244	364	F4	11110100	ô	ô	Latin small letter o with circumflex
245	365	F5	11110101	õ	õ	Latin small letter o with tilde
246	366	F6	11110110	ö	ö	Latin small letter o with diaeresis
247	367	F7	11110111	÷	÷	Division sign
248	370	F8	11111000	ø	ø	Latin small letter o with slash
249	371	F9	11111001	ù	ù	Latin small letter u with grave
250	372	FA	11111010	ú	ú	Latin small letter u with acute
251	373	FB	11111011	û	û	Latin small letter u with circumflex
252	374	FC	11111100	ü	ü	Latin small letter u with diaeresis
253	375	FD	11111101	ý	ý	Latin small letter y with acute
254	376	FE	11111110	þ	þ	Latin small letter thorn
255	377	FF	11111111	ÿ	ÿ	Latin small letter y with diaeresis

August 17, 2025

Fonts Reference

Fonts are specific to platform. You will have a different look and feel of a web page on different machines running different operating systems, like Windows, Linux, or Mac iOS. Here we are giving a list of fonts that are available in various operating systems.

HTML <font> tag is deprecated in version 4.0 onwards, and now all fonts are set by using CSS.

Syntax

Here is the simple syntax for setting the font of a body of a web page:

To set font using CSS class:

body{font-family:"new century schoolbook";}

To set font using inline CSS i.e., with HTML tag:

<body style = "font-family:new century schoolbook;">

HTML font Tag

HTML<font> tag is deprecated in latest versions of HTML. In older versions, a font tag can be used to add style, size, and color to the text on your website. You can use a <basefont&gt tag to set all of your text to the same size, face, and color. HTML font tags have three attributes called size, color, and face to customize your fonts.

Web safe fonts

CSS3 has adapted font combinations technology. If the browser doesn’t support the first font, then it tries the next font. Here is the list of CSS Web Safe Fonts.

Example of HTML Fonts

Let’s look at the basic example of the usage of the fonts in the HTML document

Open Compiler

<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Font Setting Using CSS</title></head><body><p>
  Change any of the style and try it.   </p><div style="font-family:verdana;">
  This is demo for font family   </div><br /><div style="font-size:120%;">
  This is demo for font size   </div><br /><div style="font-size:14pt;">
  This is demo for font size
   </div></body></html>

When we run the above code, the output window will pop up, displaying the text with different fonts displayed on the webpage.

Fonts for Microsoft Systems

Following are the fonts for Microsoft Systems listed below −

Font	Font	Font
Andale Mono	Arial	Arial Bold
Arial Italic	Arial Bold Italic	Arial Black
Comic Sans MS	Comic Sans MS Bold	Courier New
Courier New Bold	Courier New Italic	Courier New Bold Italic
Georgia	Georgia Bold	Georgia Italic
Georgia Bold Italic	Impact	Lucida Console
Lucida Sans Unicode	Marlett	Minion Web
Symbol	Times New Roman	Times New Roman Bold
Times New Roman Italic	Times New Roman Bold Italic	Tahoma
Trebuchet MS	Trebuchet MS Bold	Trebuchet MS Italic
Trebuchet MS Bold Italic	Verdana	Verdana Bold
Verdana Italic	Verdana Bold Italic	Webdings

You can check example fonts here Microsoft Fonts Examples.

Fonts for Macintosh Systems

Following is the list of fonts supported by Macintosh System 7 and higher versions.

Font	Font	Font
American Typewriter	Andale Mono	Apple Chancery
Arial	Arial Black	Brush Script
Baskerville	Big Caslon	Comic Sans MS
Copperplate	Courier New	Gill Sans
Futura	Herculanum	Impact
Lucida Grande	Marker Felt	Optima
Trebuchet MS	Verdana	Webdings
Palatino	Symbol	Times
Osaka	Papyrus	Times New Roman
Textile	Zapf Dingbats	Zapfino
Techno	Hoefler Text	Skia
Hoefler Text Ornaments	Capitals	Charcoal
Gadget	Sand

You can check example fonts here Mac Fonts Examples.

Fonts for Unix Systems

Following is the list of fonts supported by most Unix System variants

Font	Font	Font
Charter	Clean	Courier
Fixed	Helvetica	Lucida
Lucida bright	Lucida Typewriter	New Century Schoolbook
Symbol	Terminal	Times
Utopia

You can check example fonts here Unix Fonts Examples.

August 17, 2025

Decimal	Hex Value	Character	URL Encode
128	80		%80
129	81		%81
130	82		%82
131	83		%83
132	84		%84
133	85		%85
134	86		%86
135	87		%87
136	88		%88
137	89		%89
138	8a		%8a
139	8b		%8b
140	8c		%8c
141	8d		%8d
142	8e		%8e
143	8f		%8f
144	90		%90
145	91		%91
146	92		%92
147	93		%93
148	94		%94
149	95		%95
150	96		%96
151	97		%97
152	98		%98
153	99		%99
154	9a		%9a
155	9b		%9b
156	9c		%9c
157	9d		%9d
158	9e		%9e
159	9f		%9f
160	a0		%a0
161	a1	¡	%a1
162	a2	¢	%a2
163	a3	£	%a3
164	a4	¤	%a4
165	a5	¥	%a5
166	a6	¦	%a6
167	a7	§	%a7
168	a8	¨	%a8
169	a9	©	%a9
170	aa	ª	%aa
171	ab	«	%ab
172	ac	¬	%ac
173	ad		%ad
174	ae	®	%ae
175	af	¯	%af
176	b0	°	%b0
177	b1	±	%b1
178	b2	²	%b2
179	b3	³	%b3
180	b4	´	%b4
181	b5	µ	%b5
182	b6	¶	%b6
183	b7	·	%b7
184	b8	¸	%b8
185	b9	¹	%b9
186	ba	º	%ba
187	bb	»	%bb
188	bc	¼	%bc
189	bd	½	%bd
190	be	¾	%be
191	bf	¿	%bf
192	c0	À	%c0
193	c1	Á	%c1
194	c2	Â	%c2
195	c3	Ã	%c3
196	c4	Ä	%c4
197	c5	Å	%c5
198	c6	Æ	%v6
199	c7	Ç	%c7
200	c8	È	%c8
201	c9	É	%c9
202	ca	Ê	%ca
203	cb	Ë	%cb
204	cc	Ì	%cc
205	cd	Í	%cd
206	ce	Î	%ce
207	cf	Ï	%cf
208	d0	Ð	%d0
209	d1	Ñ	%d1
210	d2	Ò	%d2
211	d3	Ó	%d3
212	d4	Ô	%d4
213	d5	Õ	%d5
214	d6	Ö	%d6
215	d7	×	%d7
216	d8	Ø	%d8
217	d9	Ù	%d9
218	da	Ú	%da
219	db	Û	%db
220	dc	Ü	%dc
221	dd	Ý	%dd
222	de	Þ	%de
223	df	ß	%df
224	e0	à	%e0
225	e1	á	%e1
226	e2	â	%e2
227	e3	ã	%e3
228	e4	ä	%e4
229	e5	å	%e5
230	e6	æ	%e6
231	e7	ç	%e7
232	e8	è	%e8
233	e9	é	%e9
234	ea	ê	%ea
235	eb	ë	%eb
236	ec	ì	%ec
237	ed	í	%ed
238	ee	î	%ee
239	ef	ï	%ef
240	f0	ð	%f0
241	f1	ñ	%f1
242	f2	ò	%f2
243	f3	ó	%f3
244	f4	ô	%f4
245	f5	õ	%f5
246	f6	ö	%f6
247	f7	÷	%f7
248	f8	ø	%f8
249	f9	ù	%f9
250	fa	ú	%fa
251	fb	û	%fb
252	fc	ü	%fc
253	fd	ý	%fd
254	fe	þ	%fe
255	ff	ÿ	%ff

Decimal	Hex Value	Char	URL Encode
36	24	$	%24
38	26	&	%26
43	2b	+	%2b
44	2c	,	%2c
47	2f	/	%2f
58	3a	:	%3a
59	3b	;	%3b
61	3d	=	%3d
63	3f	?	%3f
64	40	@	%40

Decimal	Hex Value	Character	URL Encode
128	80		%80
129	81		%81
130	82		%82
131	83		%83
132	84		%84
133	85		%85
134	86		%86
135	87		%87
136	88		%88
137	89		%89
138	8a		%8a
139	8b		%8b
140	8c		%8c
141	8d		%8d
142	8e		%8e
143	8f		%8f
144	90		%90
145	91		%91
146	92		%92
147	93		%93
148	94		%94
149	95		%95
150	96		%96
151	97		%97
152	98		%98
153	99		%99
154	9a		%9a
155	9b		%9b
156	9c		%9c
157	9d		%9d
158	9e		%9e
159	9f		%9f
160	a0		%a0
161	a1	¡	%a1
162	a2	¢	%a2
163	a3	£	%a3
164	a4	¤	%a4
165	a5	¥	%a5
166	a6	¦	%a6
167	a7	§	%a7
168	a8	¨	%a8
169	a9	©	%a9
170	aa	ª	%aa
171	ab	«	%ab
172	ac	¬	%ac
173	ad		%ad
174	ae	®	%ae
175	af	¯	%af
176	b0	°	%b0
177	b1	±	%b1
178	b2	²	%b2
179	b3	³	%b3
180	b4	´	%b4
181	b5	µ	%b5
182	b6	¶	%b6
183	b7	·	%b7
184	b8	¸	%b8
185	b9	¹	%b9
186	ba	º	%ba
187	bb	»	%bb
188	bc	¼	%bc
189	bd	½	%bd
190	be	¾	%be
191	bf	¿	%bf
192	c0	À	%c0
193	c1	Á	%c1
194	c2	Â	%c2
195	c3	Ã	%c3
196	c4	Ä	%c4
197	c5	Å	%c5
198	c6	Æ	%v6
199	c7	Ç	%c7
200	c8	È	%c8
201	c9	É	%c9
202	ca	Ê	%ca
203	cb	Ë	%cb
204	cc	Ì	%cc
205	cd	Í	%cd
206	ce	Î	%ce
207	cf	Ï	%cf
208	d0	Ð	%d0
209	d1	Ñ	%d1
210	d2	Ò	%d2
211	d3	Ó	%d3
212	d4	Ô	%d4
213	d5	Õ	%d5
214	d6	Ö	%d6
215	d7	×	%d7
216	d8	Ø	%d8
217	d9	Ù	%d9
218	da	Ú	%da
219	db	Û	%db
220	dc	Ü	%dc
221	dd	Ý	%dd
222	de	Þ	%de
223	df	ß	%df
224	e0	à	%e0
225	e1	á	%e1
226	e2	â	%e2
227	e3	ã	%e3
228	e4	ä	%e4
229	e5	å	%e5
230	e6	æ	%e6
231	e7	ç	%e7
232	e8	è	%e8
233	e9	é	%e9
234	ea	ê	%ea
235	eb	ë	%eb
236	ec	ì	%ec
237	ed	í	%ed
238	ee	î	%ee
239	ef	ï	%ef
240	f0	ð	%f0
241	f1	ñ	%f1
242	f2	ò	%f2
243	f3	ó	%f3
244	f4	ô	%f4
245	f5	õ	%f5
246	f6	ö	%f6
247	f7	÷	%f7
248	f8	ø	%f8
249	f9	ù	%f9
250	fa	ú	%fa
251	fb	û	%fb
252	fc	ü	%fc
253	fd	ý	%fd
254	fe	þ	%fe
255	ff	ÿ	%ff

Decimal	Hex Value	Char	URL Encode
36	24	$	%24
38	26	&	%26
43	2b	+	%2b
44	2c	,	%2c
47	2f	/	%2f
58	3a	:	%3a
59	3b	;	%3b
61	3d	=	%3d
63	3f	?	%3f
64	40	@	%40

Decimal	Hex Value	Character	URL Encode
128	80		%80
129	81		%81
130	82		%82
131	83		%83
132	84		%84
133	85		%85
134	86		%86
135	87		%87
136	88		%88
137	89		%89
138	8a		%8a
139	8b		%8b
140	8c		%8c
141	8d		%8d
142	8e		%8e
143	8f		%8f
144	90		%90
145	91		%91
146	92		%92
147	93		%93
148	94		%94
149	95		%95
150	96		%96
151	97		%97
152	98		%98
153	99		%99
154	9a		%9a
155	9b		%9b
156	9c		%9c
157	9d		%9d
158	9e		%9e
159	9f		%9f
160	a0		%a0
161	a1	¡	%a1
162	a2	¢	%a2
163	a3	£	%a3
164	a4	¤	%a4
165	a5	¥	%a5
166	a6	¦	%a6
167	a7	§	%a7
168	a8	¨	%a8
169	a9	©	%a9
170	aa	ª	%aa
171	ab	«	%ab
172	ac	¬	%ac
173	ad		%ad
174	ae	®	%ae
175	af	¯	%af
176	b0	°	%b0
177	b1	±	%b1
178	b2	²	%b2
179	b3	³	%b3
180	b4	´	%b4
181	b5	µ	%b5
182	b6	¶	%b6
183	b7	·	%b7
184	b8	¸	%b8
185	b9	¹	%b9
186	ba	º	%ba
187	bb	»	%bb
188	bc	¼	%bc
189	bd	½	%bd
190	be	¾	%be
191	bf	¿	%bf
192	c0	À	%c0
193	c1	Á	%c1
194	c2	Â	%c2
195	c3	Ã	%c3
196	c4	Ä	%c4
197	c5	Å	%c5
198	c6	Æ	%v6
199	c7	Ç	%c7
200	c8	È	%c8
201	c9	É	%c9
202	ca	Ê	%ca
203	cb	Ë	%cb
204	cc	Ì	%cc
205	cd	Í	%cd
206	ce	Î	%ce
207	cf	Ï	%cf
208	d0	Ð	%d0
209	d1	Ñ	%d1
210	d2	Ò	%d2
211	d3	Ó	%d3
212	d4	Ô	%d4
213	d5	Õ	%d5
214	d6	Ö	%d6
215	d7	×	%d7
216	d8	Ø	%d8
217	d9	Ù	%d9
218	da	Ú	%da
219	db	Û	%db
220	dc	Ü	%dc
221	dd	Ý	%dd
222	de	Þ	%de
223	df	ß	%df
224	e0	à	%e0
225	e1	á	%e1
226	e2	â	%e2
227	e3	ã	%e3
228	e4	ä	%e4
229	e5	å	%e5
230	e6	æ	%e6
231	e7	ç	%e7
232	e8	è	%e8
233	e9	é	%e9
234	ea	ê	%ea
235	eb	ë	%eb
236	ec	ì	%ec
237	ed	í	%ed
238	ee	î	%ee
239	ef	ï	%ef
240	f0	ð	%f0
241	f1	ñ	%f1
242	f2	ò	%f2
243	f3	ó	%f3
244	f4	ô	%f4
245	f5	õ	%f5
246	f6	ö	%f6
247	f7	÷	%f7
248	f8	ø	%f8
249	f9	ù	%f9
250	fa	ú	%fa
251	fb	û	%fb
252	fc	ü	%fc
253	fd	ý	%fd
254	fe	þ	%fe
255	ff	ÿ	%ff

Decimal	Hex Value	Char	URL Encode
36	24	$	%24
38	26	&	%26
43	2b	+	%2b
44	2c	,	%2c
47	2f	/	%2f
58	3a	:	%3a
59	3b	;	%3b
61	3d	=	%3d
63	3f	?	%3f
64	40	@	%40