Author: Saim Khalid
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Navigation Bar
Navigation bar is a section of a graphical user interface (GUI) that helps users navigate through a website, app, or other software. It is essential for users to quickly and easily navigate to the content they are looking for. The navigation bar can be horizontal or vertical, that contains links to important pages or features. Table…
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bottom Property
CSS bottom property is used to set the bottom position of a positioned element. It specifies the distance between the bottom edge of the element and the bottom edge of its containing element. Based on the value of the position property, the effect of bottom property, is determined. Syntax bottom: auto | length | percentage | initial | inherit; Property Values…
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z index Property
The z-index Property CSS z-index property controls the stacking order of elements in a web page when they overlap in the same stacking context. Elements with a higher z-index value appear in front of elements with lower values. The following diagram demonstrates the z-index layout for reference: CSS z-index property can be used with positioned elements that…
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opacity Property
The opacity Property CSS opacity property controls the transparency of an element. It determines how much of a hidden element’s content is visible. The property can be used on various elements, whether they contain text, images, or serve as backgrounds. CSS opacity Example Here is an example of the opacity property. You can change the slider and see the…
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Width Property
The width property sets the width of an element’s content area. In case, the box-sizing is set to border-box, the property width sets the width of the border area. The value specified by the width property remains within the values defined by min-width and max-width properties. Refer the image for the understanding of width of an element. Possible Values Applies to All the HTML elements except non-replaced inline…
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character Property
CSS hyphenate-character property allows you to specify the character that should be used as the hyphenation point when text is hyphenated using the hyphens property. When text is hyphenated, the browser will insert a hyphen character at appropriate points within words. Syntax hyphenate-character: auto | string | initial | inherit; Property Values Value Description auto Suitable character is selected…
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Deployment
So far, we have learned about various features of the Rails framework by building the applications on the locally running Puma server. In this chapter, we will learn how to deploy a Rails application on a publicly accessible server. Deploy with Rails Kamal Rails comes with a deployment tool called Kamal that we can use to deploy our application directly…
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Error Handling
In Rails, error handling mainly works through a combination of Ruby exception handling (begin-rescue-end blocks) and Rails’ built-in mechanisms for managing errors in web requests, models, and controllers. Difference between Error and Exception In programming, you come across the terms exception and error, which have different meanings. An exception represents an error condition in a program. Exceptions…
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Rack
Rack provides a minimal, modular, and adaptable interface for building web applications. It wraps HTTP requests and responses in the simplest way possible, and unifies and distills the API for web servers, web frameworks, and middleware into a single method call. The standardized Interface of Rack is common for all web applications and web servers. This interface expects…
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Send Emails
Action Mailer is the Rails component that enables applications to send and receive emails. The other email related component in the Rails framework is Action Mailbox, which deals with receiving emails. Action Mailer Action Mailer uses mailers classes and views to create and configure the email to be sent. Mailer class inherits from ActionMailer::Base. It is similar to controller…